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Bioresources and Bioprocessing
Fig. 5 | Bioresources and Bioprocessing

Fig. 5

From: Hyperthermophilic pretreatment composting can reduce ammonia emissions by controlling proteolytic bacterial community and the physicochemical properties

Fig. 5

Direct and indirect effects of different factors on TN loss for traditional composting (TC) and hyperthermophilic pretreatment composting (HPC). PLS-PM showing the relationships among biophysicochemical properties, proteolytic bacterial abundance and proteolytic bacterial community with respect to TN loss for TC (a) and HPC (b). The positive and negative effects are indicated by blue and orange arrows, respectively. Larger path coefficients are indicated by wider arrows, red and blue colors indicate positive and negative effects, respectively. Significance levels of Path coefficients are indicated by * (p < 0.05) and ***(p < 0.001). Standardized direct and indirect effects estimated by PLS-PM for TC (c) and HPC (d)

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