Sustainable production of bacterioruberin carotenoid and its derivatives from Arthrobacter agilis NP20 on whey-based medium: optimization and product characterization

Bioresources and Bioprocessing

Table 3 Identification of carotenoids extracted from Arthrobacter agilis NP20

Peak number	Retention time^a (min)	λ max^b (nm)	Cis λ max (nm)	Measured Mass (m/z)	Carotenoids identification ^c	Formula
1	9.1	470,490,530	375,390	696 674	Bis-anhydro bacterioruberin Tetra-anhydro bacterioruberin	C₅₀ H₇₂O₂ C₅₀H₇₆O₄
2	12.2	470,490,540	370,390	1074 736	Bacterioruberin diglycoside Bacterioruberin	C₆₂H₉₈O₁₄ C₅₀H₇₆O₄
3	16.2	460,485,520	380,390	1069 741	Bacterioruberin diglycoside Bacterioruberin	C₆₂H₉₈O₁₄ C₅₀H₇₆O₄
4	19.07	455,490,520	-	702	Bis-anhydro bacterioruberin isomer	C₅₀H₇₂O₂
5	20.1	450,480,520	360,380	901 702	Bacterioruberin mono-glycoside Bis-anhydro bacterioruberin	C₅₆H₈₇O₉ C₅₀H₇₂O₂
6	23.4	450,490,520	-	702	Bis-anhydro bacterioruberin isomer	C₅₀H₇₂O₂
7	25.3	460,480.520	355,380	901 702	Bacterioruberin mono-glycoside Bis-anhydro bacterioruberin	C₅₆H₈₇O₉ C₅₀H₇₂O₂

a: HPLC retention time
b: wavelength absorption maximum of UV/visible spectra
c: carotenoids were identified based on the maximum wavelength and the corresponding mass spectra