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Table 3 Phenolic composition of pecan shells from different varieties (µg/g)*

From: Cytotoxicity of subcritical water extracts obtained from byproducts generated at commercial pecan shelling operations on cancer cells

Sample ID/Phenolic compound

Gallic

Protocatechuic

Catechin

Vanillic

Caffeic

Syringic

Ferulic

Taxifolin

Ellagic

Thymol

P-150

25.0b ± 0.1

16.2b ± 0.5

20.9b ± 0.6

n.d

4.3b ± 0.2

n.d

9.1c ± 0.1

3.9d ± 0.1

42.0c ± 5.4

n.d

P-125

15.5d ± 0.4

9.9c ± 1.6

10.3d ± 0.2

n.d

1.6d ± 0.1

3.0d ± 0.1

2.8f ± 0.1

1.2 g ± 0.1

23.2e ± 0.1

0.01b ± 0.02

P-100

11.3e ± 0.1

7.1de ± 0.2

8.8e ± 0.1

n.d

1.9d ± 0.2

0.7f ± 0.1

n.d

6.3b ± 0.1

16.3f ± 0.1

0.2b ± 0.03

P-80

9.4f ± 0.3

5.3f ± 0.1

6.6f ± 0.5

n.d

0.8e ± 0.1

0.7f ± 0.1

n.d

n.d

13.3f ± 0.2

0.7a ± 0.1

N-150

41.6a ± 1.1

17.8a ± 0.2

24.8a ± 0.1

12.0a ± 0.1

3.7c ± 0.1

10.7a ± 0.2

8.1d ± 0.2

2.2f ± 0.1

51.8b ± 1.2

n.d

N-125

14.3d ± 0.1

7.9d ± 0.1

17.7c ± 0.4

6.6c ± 0.2

5.3a ± 0.2

4.4c ± 0.1

6.2e ± 0.1

2.8e ± 0.1

43.7c ± 1.0

n.d

N-100

21.9c ± 0.3

10.1c ± 0.5

21.6b ± 0.7

7.7b ± 0.1

5.3a ± 0.1

8.2b ± 0.1

14.4a ± 0.3

7.6a ± 0.1

59.7a ± 0.6

n.d

N-80

10.9ef ± 0.1

6.1ef ± 0.1

17.4c ± 0.4

6.8c ± 0.2

5.3a ± 0.1

2.6e ± 0.1

13.1b ± 0.6

5.0c ± 0.1

35.3d ± 0.2

n.d

  1. *The values with the same superscript letter in the same column are not significantly different at p = 0.05 level
  2. Sample ID: Variety (N: Native, P: Pawnee)-Extraction temperature (°C)