Metal ion removal using a low-cost coconut shell activated carbon bioadsorbent in the recovery of lactic acid from the fermentation broth

Bioresources and Bioprocessing

Table 5 Ion uptake by the 16-h CMC-CSAC adsorbent

Components	Lactic acid	Ca²⁺	K⁺	Mg²⁺	Na⁺	Fe²⁺	Mn²⁺	Total metal ions
Fermentation broth (g/L)	100.5445	16.2484	0.1694	0.1855	0.0690	0.0192	0.0078	16.6993
After adsorption (g/L)	96.2908	14.3562	0.1468	0.1807	0.0658	0.0188	0.0074	14.7757
Percentage uptake (%)	4.23	11.65	13.34	2.59	4.64	2.08	5.12	11.52

The 16-h CMC-CSAC adsorbent (5 g) was soaked in 50 mL cell-free lactic acid fermentation broth (pH 6) at room temperature for 150 min