The potential application of carbazole-degrading bacteria for dioxin bioremediation

Bioresources and Bioprocessing

Table 1 Bacterial strains capable of biodegrading dioxins

Bacterial strains	PCDD/Fs congenes	Concentration	Removal Average (%)	Time	References
Sphingomonas sp. HH69	DF	1 gL⁻¹	100	40 h	Fortnagel et al. 1990
Sphingomonas wittichii RW1	DD	1 mM	81	72 h	Nam et al. 2005
Sphingomonas wittichii RW1	PCDD	29 ppt	75.5	15 days	Nam et al. 2005
Nocardioides aromaticivorans	DF	1.1 mmol mL⁻¹	100	48 h	Kubota et al. 2005
Terrabacter sp. strain DBF63	2-CDD	10 µg mL⁻¹	75	18 h	Habe et al. 2001
Terrabacter sp. strain DBF63	2-CDF	10 µg mL⁻¹	82.5	18 h	Habe et al. 2001
Sphingomonas sp. XLDN2-5	DF	0.2 mM	100	48 h	Gai et al. 2007
Pseudomonas putida B6-2	Biphenyl	15 mmol L⁻¹	96	20 h	Li et al. 2009
Pseudomonas sp. strain ISTDF1	DF	200 mg L⁻¹	85	36 h	Jaiswal et al. 2011
Rhodococcus sp strain p52	2-CDF	100 mg L⁻¹	70	96 h	Peng et al. 2013
Agrobacterium sp. PH-08	DF	2 mmol L⁻¹	80	48 h	Le et al. 2014
Pseudomonas mendocina strain NSYSU	OCDD (octachorodibezo-p-dioxin)	20.1 mg kg⁻¹	74	60 days	Lin et al. 2017