Fig. 1
From: De novo synthesis of nervonic acid and optimization of metabolic regulation by Yarrowia lipolytica
Biosynthesis pathway for nervonic acid production in the yeast Y. lipolytica. Nervonic acid is biosynthesized from the initiation unit of acetyl-CoA and the extension unit of malonyl-CoA with fatty acid synthetase. Green words represent the heterogeneous expression pathways; black words represent the native pathways; and red words represent selected for disruption in this study. Pyr: pyruvic acid; Ac-CoA: acetyl coenzyme A; CIT: citric acid; Mal-CoA: Malonyl coenzyme A; FAS: fatty acid synthase; TE: thioesterase; ACL: ATP citrate lyase; FAA1: acyl-CoA synthetase; FFA: free fatty acid; KS: ketoacyl-CoA synthase; KR: 3-ketoacyl-CoAreductase; DH: 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydratase; ER: enoyl-CoA reductase; D15D: ∆15 desaturase; TAG: triacylglycerol