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Bioresources and Bioprocessing

Table 1 Composition of the synthesized catalysts

From: Ce–Zr-based mixed oxide catalyst for oxidative depolymerization of kenaf stalk (biomass) into vanillin

Composition

Nitrate precursors

(NO3)3.6H2O)

Citric acid (C6H8O7)

CeO2–CA

0.5 M cerium nitrate hexahydrate (Ce (NO3)3 ∙ 6H2O)

1 M

ZrO2–CA

0.5 M Zirconium dinitrate oxide ZrO (NO3)2 ∙ xH2O

1 M

CeZrO2–CA

0.5 M cerium nitrate hexahydrate (Ce (NO3)3.6H2O) + 0.5 M Zirconium dinitrate oxide ZrO (NO3)2 ∙ xH2O

2 M

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