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Bioresources and Bioprocessing
Fig. 2 | Bioresources and Bioprocessing

Fig. 2

From: Model-based optimization of Scheffersomyces stipitis and Saccharomyces cerevisiae co-culture for efficient lignocellulosic ethanol production

Fig. 2

Ethanol production in mixed glucose–xylose fermentation by S. stipitis/S. cerevisiae co-culture. a Ethanol productivity (cyan) and titer (red) at various cell ratios of S. stipitis (X 1)/S. cerevisiae (X 2) co-culture in comparison with single-strain culture of S. cerevisiae. The optimal cell ratio (f opt = 1.70 g S. stipitis/g S. cerevisiae) indicated by dashed line yields maximum ethanol productivity and titer which is 36 % higher than those achieved by single-strain culture. The measured values (symbol) agree well with the values predicted by the co-culture kinetic model (solid line). b Fermentation kinetics of S. stipitis/S. cerevisiae co-culture at optimal cell ratio (f opt = 1.70). Glucose, xylose, ethanol and biomass are shown in blue, red, green and black, respectively. The symbol represents experimental measurement which is in good agreement with the model prediction represented by solid line. The results are based on average of duplicate fermentation experiments in synthetic medium containing 3:1 glucose–xylose mixture

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