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Table 5 Kinetic models for the biosorption of Cu2+ on Oxalic acid modified and raw Saccharum officinarum biomas

From: Bioremediation of Cu(II) contaminated water by Saccharum officinarum: effect of oxalic acid modification on equilibrium, kinetic and thermodynamic parameters

Isotherm name

Isotherm model

Parameters

Pseudo first order

\(Q_{t} = Q_{e} (1 - e^{{( - k_{1} t)}} )\)

Q e and k 1

Pseudo second order

\(Q_{t} = \frac{{Q_{e}^{2} k_{2} t}}{{(1 + Q_{e} k_{2} t)}}\)

Q e and k 2

Elovich

\(Q_{t} = \frac{1}{\beta }\ln (\alpha \beta t)\)

α and β

Avramin

\(Q_{t} = Q_{e} (1 - e^{{( - k_{av} t)^{{n_{av} }} }} )\)

K av and n av

Intraparticulate model

\(Q_{t} = K_{id} t^{0.5} + C_{i}\)

K id and C i