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Table 1 Seed germination, plant growth, flowering, and disease incidence in ladies finger plants grown in soil fortified with different concentrations of parthenium vermicompost

From: Detoxification of parthenium (Parthenium hysterophorus) and its metamorphosis into an organic fertilizer and biopesticide

Parameters, average value

Vermicompost concentration

F value

0 t/ha (control)

2.5 t/ha

3.75 t/ha

5 t/ha

Germination

 Germination percentage

62.29 ± 6.46a

77.14 ± 7.10b

81.71 ± 7.47c

85.71 ± 9.17d

63.253*

Growth

 Shoot length (cm)

23.6 ± 2.97a

86.0 ± 6.86b

98.8 ± 7.98c

122.6 ± 10.21d

159.515*

 Root length (cm)

34.4 ± 3.21a

41.4 ± 3.85bc

46.0 ± 4.58c

53.0 ± 5.24d

16.627*

 Shoot diameter (mm)

4.48 ± 0.38a

10.22 ± 1.00bc

10.78 ± 0.89c

13.38 ± 1.30d

77.381*

 Shoot dry weight (g)

1.96 ± 0.31a

17.26 ± 0.83b

26.00 ± 2.48c

30.67 ± 3.06d

195.511*

 Root dry weight (g)

1.39 ± 0.13a

4.94 ± 0.47b

6.12 ± 0.59c

9.38 ± 0.93d

149.649*

 No of leaves

11.8 ± 1.10a

24.8 ± 2.49b

28.4 ± 2.41cd

30.6 ± 2.97d

64.352*

 No of branches

0.0 ± 0.00a

2.4 ± 0.55b

4.4 ± 0.89 cd

5.2 ± 0.84d

59.852*

Flowering

 Days to first flowering

52.70 ± 4.85a

41.00 ± 2.91bc

39.10 ± 3.31cd

36.80 ± 1.93d

42.882*

 Number of flowers per plant

2.90 ± 0.32a

7.80 ± 1.14b

11.80 ± 1.14c

12.90 ± 0.99d

224.036*

Diseases incidence

 Diseases incidence percentage

21.43 ± 4.95a

13.57 ± 4.29bcd

12.14 ± 4.88cd

12.14 ± 6.34d

2.976n.s

  1. Results which do not differ significantly (LSD test; p < 0.05) carry at least one character in the superscript which is common
  2. n.s not significant
  3. * p < 0.05