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Bioresources and Bioprocessing
Fig. 3 | Bioresources and Bioprocessing

Fig. 3

From: Electron transport phenomena of electroactive bacteria in microbial fuel cells: a review of Proteus hauseri

Fig. 3

(Ref. to Fig. 5 in Hsueh et al. 2009)

Example presentation of resonance effect of RR198. The sulfonate at ortho and –SO2(CH2)2SO4 − at para to azo bond in RR198 are both high electronegativity substituents. These substituents may stabilize the negative charge present in the reduced intermediates, since azo dyes can be reduced through the inductive effect and resonance effect

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