Table 1 Organics and nutrients mean concentrations (mg l⁻¹) and standard deviation of brewery wastewater at the inlet and outlet of the control and hydroponic treatment units planted with vetiver grass

BOD₅

1214 ± 380.61 (748–1642)

1024 ± 327.89 (576–1429)

527 ± 257.89 (238–873)

COD

2012 ± 595.66 (835–2602)

1760 ± 569.12 (660–2368)

1111 ± 461.09 (352–686)

TKN

33 ± 8.46 (19–43)

29 ± 8.47 (15–8)

19 ± 2.24 (14–21)

NH₄⁺-N

24 ± 4.32 (18–31)

20 ± 3.48 (17–7)

15 ± 1.93 (13–19)

NO₃⁻-N

13 ± 3.12 (8–17)

11 ± 3.29 (7–15)

7 ± 2.49 (3–11)

PO ⁻³₄ -P

15 ± 5.00 (8–23)

13 ± 4.64 (7–21)

7 ± 2.00 (3–10)