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Table 2 Functions of grape pomace in food beverages

From: Novel application and industrial exploitation of winery by-products

Food product

Recovered ingredients

Practical application

References

Wheat bread

White grape skin antioxidant dietary fibre

Inhibition of mammalian α-glucosidase and α-amylase

Lavelli et al. (2015a)

Bread

Grape seed flour

Fortification with fatty acids and minerals. Enhancement of physical and sensory properties

Munteanu et al. (2013)

Brownies

White grape skin antioxidant dietary fibre

Decrease in firmness and chewiness and increase in springiness

Walker et al. (2014)

Biscuits

Red grape pomace extract

Increase in TP and antioxidant activity Increase in compounds derived from the Maillard reaction, except pyrazines, and lipid oxidation

Pasqualone et al. (2013)

Muffins

Grape peel and seed flour

Fortification with phenols/fibers. Enhancement of physical and sensory properties

Oliveira et al. (2013)

Pasta

Red grape pomace

Increase in TP and antioxidant activity. Decrease in cooking loss

Marinelli et al. (2015)

Tomato puree

White grape skin antioxidant dietary fibre

Increase in Bostwick consistency, storage (G) and loss (G) moduli, and complex viscosity

Lavelli et al. (2015b)

Orange and apple juices

Red and white pomace extracts

Antifungal activity towards Zygosaccharomyces rouxii and Z. bailii with variety-dependent efficacy

Sagdic et al. (2011)

Beef sausage

Grape seed extract powder

Decrease in TBARS content during processing and storage in polyvinyl chloride bags. Higher efficacy than ascorbate

Kulkarni et al. (2011)

Chicken hamburger

Red grape pomace antioxidant dietary fibre

Decrease in TBARS content during processing and storage in polyvinyl chloride bags. High antioxidant activity and fibre content

Sáyago-Ayerdi et al. (2009)

Chicken meatballs

Red and white grape pomace extract

Decrease in TBARS content during processing and storage at − 18 °C under vacuum

Selani et al. (2011)

Cheese

Red and white grape pomace antioxidant dietary fibre before and after distillation

Highest radical scavenging activity and TP content, yielding 16 g/kg of grape powder after distillation. No effect on lactic bacteria or proteolysis

Marchiani et al. (2015)

Yogurt

Red and white grape skin antioxidant dietary fibre

Increase in acidity, total phenolic content and antioxidant activity with respect to control, but lower pH, syneresis and fat. Lactic acid bacteria, phenolic content and antioxidant activity were stable during 3 weeks of storage

Marchiani et al. (2016)

Yogurt and salad dressing

Red grape pomace antioxidant dietary fibre

Increase in TDF, TP and radical scavenging activity (but slight decrease in TP during storage at 4 °C). Decrease in peroxide values for both yogurt and salad dressing. Stable value for lactic acid percentage and syneresis during 3 weeks of storage at 4 °C for yogurt

Tseng and Zhao (2013b)

Ice cream

Grape seeds extract

Fortification of phenols. Enhancement of sensory properties

Sagdic et al. (2012)

Milk

White pomace extract

Fortification of phenols. Enhancement of sensory properties

Aliakbarian et al. (2015)