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Table 10 Selected life cycle modeling assumptions for several studies

From: Integration of biology, ecology and engineering for sustainable algal-based biofuel and bioproduct biorefinery

Process

Growth

System boundaries

Functional unit

References

Flocculation, oil extraction, biodiesel production

Open raceway ponds

Nutrient-sufficient/nitrogen deprived cultivation

Cradle-to-grave

1 MJ fuel

Bernard (2009)

Flocculation, homogenization and solvent extraction, biodiesel production

Open raceway ponds

Cradle-to-grave

Cradle-to-grave

1 ton biodiesel

Stephenson et al. (2010)

Flocculation and centrifugation, homogenization and solvent extraction, biodiesel production

Tubular-photo bioreactors

1 ton biodiesel

Filter press/centrifuge and drying, oil extraction, biodiesel production

Photo bioreactors + open ponds

Cradle-to-grave

1000 MJ fuel

Sander and Murthy (2010)

Centrifuge, drying, oil extraction, biodiesel production

Bubble column Photobioreactor (bcPBR)

Cradle-to-grave

1 kg dry biomass

Sevigné Itoiz et al. (2012)

Wet extraction: cultivation, extraction, solvent recovery, oil separation, belt filter press, feed dryer, and biodiesel production

Open raceway ponds

Cradle-to-grave

1 MJ fuel

Passell et al. (2013)

Chemical flocculation, mechanical drying/spray drying, oil extraction, biodiesel production

Open raceway ponds

Cradle-to-grave

1 kg biodiesel

Togarcheti et al. (2017)