Table 9 Some possible co-products of algal biofuel production (Hejazi and Wijffels 2004; Lorenz and Cysewski 2000; Pulz and Gross 2004; Rosenberg et al. 2008; Spoalore et al. 2006)
Market | Product | Species | Potential application |
|---|---|---|---|
Hydrogen | Bio-hydrogen | C. reinhardtii | Hydrogenation |
Chemicals | Biohydrocarbons | Nannochloropsis | Biochemical |
Fuel/chemicals | Bio-oil | Nannochloropsis | Biofuel, chemicals, biochar |
Biofuel/product | Alcohols: biomethanol, bioethanol | Spirulina | Biofuel |
Polyunsaturated fatty acids | Docasahexanoic acid | Crypthecodinium, Schizochytrium | Nutritional food |
Eicosapentanoic acid | Nannochloropsis, Phaeodactylum, Nitzschia, Pavlova | ||
γ-Linolenic acid | Spirulina | ||
Arachidonic acid | Porphyridium | ||
Antioxidants | Astaxanthin | H. pluvialis | |
β-Carotene | Dunaliella salina | Nutritional food, cosmetics | |
Fluorescent label | Phycoerythrin, phycocyanin | Spirulina | Biomedical Research |
Recombinant proteins | Cytokines-interleukin-6 interferon gamma and beta | Â | Pharmaceuticals |
Nutrition | Aquaculture feed | Isochrysis, Nannochloropsis, Tetraselmis | Aquaculture |
Animal feed | Various | Agriculture | |
Polysaccharides | Agar | Various | Food products |
Alginates | |||
Carrageenans |