Table 1 Microalgae biofilm systems using different strains and carrier materials
From: Start-up of a nutrient removal system using Scenedesmus vacuolatus and Chlorella vulgaris biofilms
Microalgae species | Type of reactor | Carrier material | Area (m2) | Culture medium | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Bothryococcus braunii | Algal disk photobioreactor | Stainless steel (Algadisk) | 0.3 | M8-a | Blanken et al. (2014) |
Chlorella. vulgaris +Fungi | Erlenmeyer with submerged matrix | Polypropylene spun-tape yarn | – | Medium A | Rajendran and Hu (2016) |
Scenedesmus dimorphus | Horizontal chamber | Glass plate | 0.09 | BG11 | Toninelli et al. (2016) |
C. vulgaris | Membrane photbioreactor | Flexi fibre bundles | – | Secondary WWTP effluent | Gao et al. (2015) |
Bothryococcus braunii | Multilayers photobioreactor | Glass fibre, polyethilene foam | 0.007 | Manure WW | Shen et al. (2015) |
Chlorococcum sp., S. dimorphus, Chlorella prothecoides, S. obliquus | Horizontal chamber | Stainless steel sheet | 0.0019 | Modified BBM | Shen et al. (2014) |
Bothryococcus sp. | Rotating algal biofilm reactor | Bernstein et al. (2014) | |||
C. vulgaris | Rotating algal biofilm reactor | Armid fibre glass, chamois cloth, cotton duct | 0.0012 | BBM | Gross et al. (2013) |
S. obliquus, Nitzschia palea | Flat plate parallel horizontal photobioreactor | Glass slides | 18 × 0.004 | Synthetic medium developed (CHU-10) | Schnurr et al. (2013) |
S. obliquus | Parallel plate photobioreactor | Corrugated polycarbonate sheet | 0.5 | Primary domastic WW | Zamalloa et al. (2013) |
C. vulgaris | Horizontal chamber | Glass slides, membrane filters | 0.00197, 0.0069 | CMM (Complete mineral medium), MLM (Microelement limiting medium), SLM (sulphur limiting medium), NLM (nitrogen limiting medium) | Sirmerova et al. (2013) |
S. obliquus | Single and multiple layer vertical plate attached photobioreactors | Cellulose acetate/nitrate membrane (Algadisk) | 0.001 | BG-11 | Liu et al. (2013) |
Isochrysis sp., Tetraselmis suecica, Phaeodactylum tricornutum, Nanochloropsis sp. | The twin-layer (TL) system (modular PBR) | Printing paper-glass fibre nonwoven (twin-layer) | 2 × 0.67 | Modified f/2 | Naumann et al. (2013) |
B. braunii | Horizontal plate photobioreactor | Concrete slab | 0.275 | BG-11 | (Ozkan et al. 2012) |
Non identified consortium | Rotating algal biofilm reactor | Clinoptilolite | 0.005–0.00778 | Synthetic WW | Young (2011) |
Microalgae consortium | Horizontal flow cell | PVC sheet | 0.0018 | Active sludge effluent, primary WWTP effluent | (Boelee et al. 2011) |
Chlorella sp. | Shaking horizontal growth chamber | Polyestyrene | 0.0136 | Modified BBM | Johnson and Wen (2010) |
Chlorella sorokiniana, Rastonia basilensis | Flat plate, tubular, flat plate, tubulaphoto bioreactorr and algal turf reactor shallow open pond | Glass, plexiglass, PVC | 0.08, 0.129, 0.048 | MSM (mineral salt medium) | Muñoz et al. (2009) |
Chlorella pyrenoidosa, S. obliquus, Anabaena flosaquae, Synechoccus elongatus, Microcystis aeruginosa | Vertical reaction chambers | PVC fillers | – | BG-11 | Wei et al. (2008) |
Amphora sp., Navicula sp., Nitzschia ovalis | Vertical tubular reactor | PVC bristles | – | Sea water mixed with F/2 medium | Silva-Aciares and Riquelme (2008) |
C. vulgaris, S. rubescens | Twin layers photobioreactor | Protan reinforced nitrocellulose membrane—glass fibre fleece (Twin-layer) | – | Modified BG-11 (synthetic 2dary. WW) | Shi et al. (2007) |