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Table 5 Properties and gas composition from spent coffee grounds through TCR® system and other technologies

From: Thermo-Catalytic Reforming of spent coffee grounds

System

Gas composition (vol%)

Density (kg/m3)

HHV (MJ/m3)

LHV (MJ/kg)

References

H2

CO

CO2

CH4

CxHy

TCR® at 500 °C

24.3

15.2

31.1

0.0b

4.9

1.24

23.1

17.5

 

TCR® at 600 °C

34.2

11.6

24.2

0.04b

4.8

1.06

22.6

19.2

 

TCR® at 700 °C

38.7

12.1

22.6

0.23b

3.7

0.97

20.6

19.1

 

Catalytic pyrolysis at 500 °C to 700 °C

0.5–2.2

4.5–7.0

a

0.2–0.7

a

a

a

a

Cho et al. (2016, 2017)

Anaerobic digestion

a

a

30–40

50–59

a

a

a

28.66

Luz et al. (2017)

  1. aData are not available
  2. bThe high content of hydrocarbons in the gases influences the detection of the other gases, especially methane caused by a crosswise relation between these compounds