Bioresources and Bioprocessing

Table 4 Selection of the optimum MISO-ANN network for HHV

From: Application of gene expression programming, artificial neural network and multilinear regression in predicting hydrochar physicochemical properties

		HHV
		Tr	Te	Val	Ov
5-3-1	R²	0.897	0.937	0.935	0.91
	RMSE	0.134	0.095	0.137	0.129
	ME	− 0.011	0.022	− 0.008	− 0.006
	std	0.134	0.095	0.141	0.13
5-5-1	R²	0.969	0.982	0.971	0.971
	RMSE	0.08	0.052	0.066	0.075
	ME	0.01	0.011	− 0.005	0.079
	std	0.08	0.052	0.068	0.075
5-5-3-1	R²	0.982	0.994	0.991	0.985
	RMSE	0.058	0.038	0.044	0.054
	ME	− 0.001	0.017	0.003	0.003
	std	0.059	0.035	0.045	0.054
5-5-5-1	R²	0.989	0.995	0.988	0.99
	RMSE	0.047	0.038	0.043	0.045
	ME	0.001	0.002	0.009	0.002
	std	0.047	0.04	0.044	0.045
5–5-6–1	R²	0.989	0.98	0.984	0.986
	RMSE	0.049	0.065	0.049	0.051
	ME	0.008	− 0.022	0.004	0.003
	std	0.048	0.063	0.05	0.051
5-5-10-1	R²	0.995	0.991	0.998	0.995
	RMSE	0.033	0.045	0.023	0.033
	ME	− 0.002	0.018	0.008	0.003
	std	0.032	0.043	0.022	0.033
5-7-1	R²	0.966	0.924	0.981	0.965
	RMSE	0.083	0.093	0.064	0.082
	ME	− 0.006	− 0.001	− 0.034	− 0.009
	std	0.083	0.096	0.056	0.082
5-10-1	R²	0.988	0.989	0.991	0.988
	RMSE	0.052	0.047	0.033	0.049
	ME	0.003	− 0.023	0.008	− 0.001
	std	0.052	0.043	0.033	0.049
5-10-10-1	R²	0.994	0.987	0.993	0.992
	RMSE	0.035	0.057	0.039	0.04
	ME	0.003	− 0.016	− 0.01	− 0.003
	std	0.035	0.056	0.039	0.04
5-15-1	R²	0.994	0.997	0.988	0.994
	RMSE	0.036	0.031	0.043	0.036
	ME	0.006	− 0.015	0.022	0.005
	std	0.036	0.028	0.038	0.036
5-15-15-1	R²	0.997	1	0.997	0.997
	RMSE	0.025	0.014	0.032	0.025
	ME	− 0.004	− 0.006	0.012	− 0.002
	std	0.025	0.014	0.031	0.025

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