Table 1 Summary of the main bioactive pomegranate compounds found in the pomegranate peel (PP), juice (PJ), seed (PS), flower (PF), leaves (PL) and not specified part (NS) and the references, where they were found and/or studied

Phenolic compounds

  Protocatechuic acid^{PJ, NS}

X

(Poyrazoğlu et al. 2002; Bishayee et al. 2011)

Caffeic acid^{PJ, NS}

X

X

(Bishayee et al. 2011; AlMatar et al. 2019)

Ferrulic acid^{PP, NS}

X

X

(Bishayee et al. 2011; Wang et al. 2014; Hmid et al. 2018)

  Trans-p-coumaric acid ^NS

X

(Bishayee et al. 2011)

 Unspecified phenols ^PP

X

(Jayakumar et al. 2012)

Unspecified Tannins^{PP, PL}

X

X

X

X

X

(Das and Barman 2012; Ouachrif et al. 2012; Fawole et al. 2012)

Hydrolyzable tannins & derivatives

Unspecified^NS

X

X

X

X

(Kutan Fenercioglu et al. 2010; Larrosa et al. 2010)

Corilagin^NS

X

X

(Bishayee et al. 2011; Khwairakpam et al. 2018; Zehra et al. 2019)

 Gallagyldilactone ^PJ

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

(Kasimsetty et al. 2010; Yuniarti et al. 2018)

Gallagic acid^{PJ, PP}

X

X

X

X

X

(Kasimsetty et al. 2010; Heena et al. 2018)

Punicalagins (α and β)^{PP, PR, NS}

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

(Rosas-Burgos et al. 2017; Suman and Bhatnagar 2019)

Punicalins^PJ

_

X

X

X

X

X

(Kasimsetty et al. 2010; Giamogante et al. 2018)

Gallic acid^{PP, PJ, NS}

X

X

X

X

X

X

(Kasimsetty et al. 2010; Arun and Singh 2012; Fawole et al. 2012; Bishayee et al. 2013; Wang et al. 2014; Banihani et al. 2014; Dludla et al. 2018)

Ellagic acid^{PP, PJ, PS, NS}

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

(Makino-Wakagi et al. 2012; Wang et al. 2012, 2014; Fawole et al. 2012; Bishayee et al. 2013; Rojanathammanee et al. 2013; Banihani et al. 2014; Tamamm et al. 2018; Yuniarti et al. 2018)

Flavonoids

Unspecified^{PP, PL}

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

(Kutan Fenercioglu et al. 2010; Das and Barman 2012; Ouachrif et al. 2012; Fawole et al. 2012)

Catechin^PP

X

X

(Fawole et al. 2012; AlMatar et al. 2019)

Epicatechin^PP

X

X

X

(Wang et al. 2012; Fawole et al. 2012)

Kaempferol^PP

X

(Wang et al. 2012)

 Luteolin ^PJ

X

X

X

X

(Lopez-Lazaro 2009; Wang et al. 2012; Rocha et al. 2012)

 Quertecin ^PP

X

(Wang et al. 2012)

 Rutin ^PP

X

X

(Fawole et al. 2012; Gullon et al. 2016)

 Cyanidin 3, 5-diglucoside ^PP

X

X

(Fawole et al. 2012)

 Delphinidin 3,5-diglucoside ^PP

X

X

(Fawole et al. 2012)

Fatty acids

 Octadecatrienoic acids ^PS

X

X

(Bishayee et al. 2011; Coursodon-Boyiddle et al. 2012)

 Punicic acid ^{PJ, P S}

X

X

X

X

(Vroegrijk et al. 2011; Coursodon-Boyiddle et al. 2012; Wang et al. 2012; Rocha et al. 2012; Nekooeian et al. 2014; Banihani et al. 2014; Mphahlele et al. 2017)

Other compounds

 17-α-estradiol ^PS

X

(Bishayee et al. 2011)

 5-hydroxymethylfurfural ^NS

X

(Bishayee et al. 2011)

 Alkaloids ^PP

X

X

(Ouachrif et al. 2012)

 Hexahydroxydiphenic acid ^PJ

X

(Kasimsetty et al. 2010)

 Glycosides ^PL

X

X

(Das and Barman 2012)

 λ-tocopherol ^PS

X

(Bishayee et al. 2011)

 Quinones ^PP

X

X

(Ouachrif et al. 2012; Setiadhi and Sufiawati 2017)

 Saponins ^PP

X

X

(Ouachrif et al. 2012; Govindappa 2015)

 Sterols ^PS

X

(Bishayee et al. 2011)