Biomass | Microorganism | Pretreatment method | Anode | Electrode modification | MFC performance | Refs. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Chitin | Shewanella oneidensis-MR-1 | Physical pretreatment by the mechanical process of size reduction | Carbon felt | None | 4.24 µA/cm2 | |
Cattle manure | Escherichia coli strain K-12 (ATCC25257), and manure leachate | Untreated | Brush carbon | None | 93Â mW/m2 | Zheng and Nirmalakhandan (2010) |
Raw rapeseed straw | Post-fermentation sludge | Hydrothermal pretreatment, microwave treatment, and enzymatic hydrolysis | Graphite felt | The cathode (graphite felt) additionally coated with a Pt/C catalyst | 54Â mW/m2 | Jablonska et al. (2016) |
Orange peel waste | Anaerobic wastewater sludge | Physical pretreatment by the mechanical process of size reduction | Graphite felt | None | 358.8 ± 15.6 mW/m2 | Miran et al. (2016a) |
Enteromorpha prolifera bloom | Pre-domesticated bacteria | Acid hydrolysis | Carbon cloth | None | 1027Â mW/m2 | Wang et al. (2013) |
Rice straw | Mixed-culture of cellulose-degrading bacteria (CDBs) | Physical pretreatment by the mechanical process of size reduction | Carbon paper | None | 190 ± 13.6 mW/m2 146 mW/m2 | |
Kitchen waste anaerobically digested effluent (KWADE) | Five species of microalgae including Golenkinia sp. SDEC-16, Scenedesmus SDEC-8, Scenedesmus SDEC-13, S. capricormutum, and Chlorella vulgaris | Physical pretreatment by the mechanical process of filtration to remove insoluble solids | Graphite | None | 6255Â mW/m3 inoculated with Golenkinia SDEC-16 | Hou et al. (2016) |
Food wastes | Anaerobic sludge | Physical pretreatment by the mechanical process of size reduction | Carbon cloth | Carbon cloth-based cathode containing 10% platinum | 5.6Â W/m3 | Li et al. (2016) |
Corn Stover waste | Domestic wastewater | Acid hydrolysate, and steam-explosion | Carbon paper | None | 93,971Â mW/m2 (acid hydrolysates) | Zuo et al. (2006) |
Solid potato waste | Activated sludge | Physical pretreatment by the mechanical process of size reduction | Carbon felt | None | 6.8Â mW/m2 | Du and Li (2017) |
Corn straw | Shewanella onidensis MR-1 | Physical pretreatment by a mechanical process of size reduction, and acid hydrolysate | Carbon cloth | Polyaniline (PANI) nanowire | 660Â mW/m2 | Wang et al. (2017) |
Corncob pellets | Ruminal contents, Pasteurized soil, and Geobacter metallireducens | Untreated | Graphite brush | None | 230Â mW/m3 | Gregoire and Becker (2012) |
Macroalgal biomass (Laminaria digitate) | Domestic wastewater | Physical pretreatment by a mechanical process of size reduction (< 2 mm), and grounded into powder | Carbon brush | None | 0.5 V | |
Lipid extracted algal | Pretreated cow manure | Methanol-chloroform (2:1) by modified Bligh and Dyer extraction method | Graphite felt | None | 2.7Â W/m3 | Khandelwal et al. (2018) |
Cornstalk | Municipal wastewater | Hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) | Carbon felt | CNTs | 680Â mW/m3 | Liu et al. (2015) |
Canna indica (canna) | Rumen microorganisms | Untreated | Carbon paper | None | 0.405Â W/m3 | Zang et al. (2010) |
Sugarcane bagasse, Corn cob | Two acetic acid bacteria, namely A. aceti (NCIM no. 2116) and G. roseus (NCIM no. 2049) | Biological pretreatment by O. annae, a freshwater cyanobacterium | Carbon felt | None | 8.78Â W/m3 6.73Â W/m3 | Krishnaraj et al. (2015) |