Fig. 2

Time course of producing (R)-MA from (R)-PED, styrene, and L-phenylalanine. a Biotransformation of (R)-PED to (R)-MA with E. coli (AldO) cells (15 g cdw/L) in KP buffer (200 mM, pH 8.0). b Biotransformation of styrene to (R)-MA with E. coli (S2A) cells (15 g cdw/L) in a mixture of KP buffer and n-hexadecane (1:1; v/v). c Biotransformation of L-Phe to (R)-MA with E. coli (P2S2A) cells (15 g cdw/L) in a mixture of KP buffer and n-hexadecane (1:1; v/v). All reactions were performed at 30 °C and 250 rpm