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Table 5 The comparison of LA production of CS-film-coated SA-PVA immobilized L. pentosus cells (SA-PVA-CS) and normal SA-PVA immobilized L. pentosus cells (SA-PVA) at 5% level of significance

From: l-Lactic acid production from fructose by chitosan film-coated sodium alginate-polyvinyl alcohol immobilized Lactobacillus pentosus cells and its kinetic analysis

Cell type

LA yield, g/g fructose

LA production rate, g/(L × h)

SA-PVA-CS

0.967 ± 0.006

2.426 ± 0.018

SA-PVA

0.942 ± 0.008

2.203 ± 0.025

Percentage of increment

2.7%

10.1%

t statistic of increment

4.33

12.54

Degree of freedom

3

3

p value

0.023^

0.001^

  1. ^Significant at 5% level