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Table 9 Performance of repeated batch fermentation by CS film-coated SA-PVA immobilized cells (SA-PVA-CS) and normal SA-PVA immobilized cells (SA-PVA)

From: l-Lactic acid production from fructose by chitosan film-coated sodium alginate-polyvinyl alcohol immobilized Lactobacillus pentosus cells and its kinetic analysis

Batch

SA-PVA-CS

SA-PVA

LA yield

YLA, g/g FT

LA production rate

RLA, g/(L × h)

LA yield

YLA, g/g FT

LA production rate

RLA, g/(L × h)

1

0.967 ± 0.009

2.426 ± 0.018

0.942 ± 0.008

2.203 ± 0.025

2

0.971 ± 0.006

2.431 ± 0.017

0.946 ± 0.007

2.207 ± 0.021

3

0.960 ± 0.011

2.415 ± 0.021

0.947 ± 0.011

2.210 ± 0.019

4

0.964 ± 0.008

2.417 ± 0.021

0.949 ± 0.012

2.212 ± 0.021

5

0.966 ± 0.007

2.422 ± 0.022

0.946 ± 0.008

2.208 ± 0.018

6

0.973 ± 0.005

2.427 ± 0.019

0.943 ± 0.006

2.207 ± 0.017

7

0.963 ± 0.010

2.423 ± 0.021

0.941 ± 0.009

2.203 ± 0.019

8

0.962 ± 0.009

2.411 ± 0.021

0.941 ± 0.007

2.206 ± 0.023

9

0.959 ± 0.006

2.409 ± 0.023

0.946 ± 0.008

2.206 ± 0.024

10

0.953 ± 0.007

2.401 ± 0.026

0.943 ± 0.010

2.201 ± 0.018

11

0.947 ± 0.008

2.394 ± 0.022

0.938 ± 0.012

2.194 ± 0.019

12

0.942 ± 0.009

2.375 ± 0.025

0.934 ± 0.001

2.182 ± 0.024

13

0.939 ± 0.005

2.361 ± 0.024

0.927 ± 0.008

2.169 ± 0.026

14

0.921 ± 0.009

2.157 ± 0.022

15

0.913 ± 0.006

2.146 ± 0.023