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Table 5 IC50 values of AgNPs–MCEs–CHL at different ratios and duration of treatments on MCF-7, 4T1 and Vero, cell lines

From: Integrated algal and oil palm biorefinery as a model system for bioenergy co-generation with bioproducts and biopharmaceuticals

Cell lines/co-application

24 h

48 h

72 h

1:1

1.5:1

2:1

1.5:3

1:1

1.5:1

2:1

1.5:3

1:1

1.5:1

2:1

1.5:3

1. MCF-7

 AgNPs–N. oculata–CHL

30.19 ± 0.24

19.95 ± 0.20

28.18 ± .15

60.25 ± 0.10

25.7 ± 0.20

15.13 ± 0.20

20.41 ± 0.20

44.66 ± 0.23

20.89 ± 0.20

10.47 ± 0.30

17.78 ± 0.26

33.88 ± 0.20

 AgNPs–T. suecica–CHL

31.62 ± 0.10

15.84 ± 0.20

14.12 ± 0.25

45.7 ± 0.19

30.19 ± 0.30

13.8 ± 0.10

13.8 ± 0.20

41.68 ± 0.10

25.11 ± 0.29

7.63 ± 0.29

6.60 ± 0.30

38.01 ± 0.23

 AgNPs–Chlorella sp.–CHL

47.86 ± 0.10

41.68 ± 0.21

24.54 ± 0.25

52.48 ± 0.18

29.5 ± 0.10

37.15 ± 0.24

20.41 ± 0.24

50.11 ± 0.21

19.05 ± 0.20

33.88 ± 0.16

14.45 ± 0.20

47.86 ± 0.16

2. 4T1

 AgNPs–N. oculata–CHL

85.11 ± 0.03

85.11 ± 0.10

63.09 ± 0.10

–

75.85 ± 0.10

81.28 ± 0.04

54.95 ± 0.04

–

66.06 ± .08

79.43 ± 0.07

52.7 ± 0.15

–

 AgNPs–T. suecica–CHL

95.49 ± 0.06

66.06 ± 0.10

66.06 ± 0.09

–

93.32 ± 0.04

66.06 ± 0.05

60.25 ± 0.10

–

79.43 ± 0.08

56.23 ± 0.10

53.7 ± 0.06

–

 AgNPs–Chlorella sp.–CHL

89.12 ± 0.09

58.88 ± .08

63.09 ± 0.08

–

87.09 ± 0.03

56.23 ± 0.10

60.25 ± 0.10

100 ± 0.08

79.43 ± 0.06

48.97 ± 0.06

50.11 ± 0.06

100 ± 0.03

3. Vero

 AgNPs–N. oculata–CHL

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

 AgNPs–T. suecica–CHL

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

 AgNPs–Chlorella sp.–CHL

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

  1. Data expressed as mean ± standard deviation (n = 3). Statistically significant difference between microalgae extracts, ratio and time exposure. The symbol “– “ indicates no IC50 estimate