Table 2 Recent advances on production of butyl butyrate by engineered E. coli
From: Microbial production of butyl butyrate: from single strain to cognate consortium
Host strains | Characteristics | Enzymes | Precursors supply | Titer | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
E. coli (ΔadhE, Δfrd, ΔldhA, Δpta, ΔpflB, Δfnr, ΔyqhD, ΔadhP, ΔeutG, ΔyiaY, ΔyjgB, ΔfucO) | Batch culture of strain harboring KDHC to produce butyryl-CoA via 2-ketovalerate | EHTI | 3 g/L butanol and 3 g/L 2-ketovalerate | 14.9 mg/L | Rodriguez et al. (2014) |
E. coli (ΔadhE, Δfrd, ΔldhA, Δpta, ΔpflB, Δfnr, ΔyqhD, ΔadhP, ΔeutG, ΔyiaY, ΔyjgB, ΔfucO) | Batch culture of strain harboring KDHC to produce butyryl-CoA via 2-ketovalerate | CAT | 3 g/L butanol and 3 g/L 2-ketovalerate | 10.6 mg/L | Rodriguez et al. (2014) |
E. coli (Δzwf, Δndh, ΔsfcA, ΔmaeB, ΔldhA, ΔfrdA, ΔpoxB, Δpta, ΔfadE) | Introduction of acyl-CoA and ethanol pathways (atoB, hbd, crt, ter, pdc, adhB), and 2-keto pathway | SAAT | Butyryl-CoA module from Clostridium pathway together with butanol module, and unstated quantity of butanol supplemented | 36.83 mg/L | Layton and Trinh (2014) |
E. coli (Δzwf, Δndh, ΔsfcA, ΔmaeB, ΔldhA, ΔfrdA, ΔpoxB, Δpta, ΔfadE) | Introducing acid-to-alcohol module (pct, pdc, adhB) followed by AAT module-to-ester | SAAT | 2 g/L Butyrate | 47.63 mg/L | Layton and Trinh (2016b) |
E. coli (Δzwf, Δndh, ΔsfcA, ΔmaeB, ΔldhA, ΔfrdA, ΔpoxB, Δpta, ΔfadE) | Acid-to-ester submodule including acid-to-alcohol and isobutanol pathway (alsS, ilvC, ilvD, kivD, adhE, pct) | SAAT | 2 g/L Butyrate | 21.34 mg/L | Layton and Trinh (2016b) |
E. coli expressing SAAT | Pure substrates undergone in vitro conversion using crude cell extracts | SAAT | 1 g/L butanol and 3 g/L butyl-CoA | 0.28 mg/L | Horton and Bennett (2006) |
E. coli EB243–E. coli EB243-ΔadhE2::yciAh consortium | Introducing synthesis pathway genes (atoB, hbd, crt, ter, adhE2) and fdh, with deletions of adhE, eutE, yqhD, ackA, pta, hyc-hyp, fdhF, poxB, pck, fumB, fumAC, tdcD, mdh, focA, ppc, mgsA, yieP, stpA, yqeG, and yagM for butanol and yciAh gene integrated into the chromosome of EB243-ΔadhE2 | Lipase | – | 7.2 g/L | Sinumvayo et al. (2021) |