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Table 4 Production of microbial flocculants using cheap wastes or waste waters as alternative medium

From: Recent advances and perspectives in efforts to reduce the production and application cost of microbial flocculants

Strains

Fermentation mediums

Yields (g/L)

Ref.

Stenotrophomonas maltophilia

Phenol-containing wastewater with 800 mg/L phenol, dissolved oxygen concentration 2%

4.99

Chen et al. (2016)

Bacillus megaterium

(mg/L) Swine wastewater contained COD 1065, ammonia 828, and total phosphorus 26

3.11

Guo and Chen, (2017a)

Rhodococcus erythropolis

(g/L) Rice stover hydrolyzate, K2HPO4 4, KH2PO4 2, MgSO4 0.2, NaCl 0.1, urea 0.5, yeast extract 0.5

2.37

Guo et al. (2015c)

Bacillus agaradhaerens

(g/L) Chicken feather 40, glucose 16, K2HPO4 1.4, KH2PO4 0.7, NaCl 0.5, MgSO47H2O 0.1, Na2CO3 10

2.50

Liu et al. (2020)

Diaphorobacter nitroreducens

Ramie biodegumming wastewater of 1500 mg/L COD used as fermentation medium

3.86

Zhong et al. (2020)

Pseudomonas sp.

Rice straw biomass of 0.5% in mineral salt medium

1.75

Qi et al. (2019)

Bacillus velezensis

Palm oil mill effluent medium

2.03

Hassimi et al. (2020)

Klebsiella oxytoca

Acetonitrile 1 g/L, glucose 8 g/L, Na2HPO4 50 mM, KH2PO4 100 mM, MgSO4 1 mM, CaCl2 0.1 mM

4.60

Fan et al. (2019)

Sphingomonas yabuuchiae

(g/L) Chromotropic acid wastewater, K2HPO4 5, KH2PO4 2, MgSO4 0.2, urea 0.5, yeast extract 0.5

9.71

Zhong et al. (2014)

Pseudomonas veronii

(g/L) Peanut hull hydrolyzate yeast extract 3, K2HPO4 0.6, MgSO4.7H2O 0.1

3.39

Liu et al. (2016b)

Bacillus agaradhaerens

(g/L) Kitchen waste 40, Na2CO3 10

6.92

Liu et al. (2019)

Bacillus agaradhaerens

(g/L) Rice bran 20, yeast extract 3, Na2CO3 20

12.94

Liu et al. (2017a)

Aspergillus flavus

Hydrolysate of chicken viscera

6.00

Mohammed and Dagang (2019a)

Bacillus marisflavi NA8

Enzymatic hydrolysate of palm oil mill effluent

9.72

Bukhari et al. (2020)

Klebsiella pneumoniae

Starch processing industrial wastewater

1.12

Joshi et al. (2017)

Paenibacillus polymyxa

(g/L) Potato starch wastewater, K2HPO4 4, KH2PO4 2, MgSO4 0.2, NaCl 0.1, urea 2.0

0.81

Guo et al. (2015a)

Enterobacter sp.

(g/L) Brewery wastewater (COD 1.48), glucose 8.94

1.27

Ma et al. (2020)

Cellulosimicrobium cellulans

(g/L) Dry corn stover of 20, yeast extract of 3, Na2CO3 0.4

4.75

Liu et al. (2015d)

Rhodococcus erythropolis

(g/L) Potato starch wastewater, K2HPO4 4, KH2PO4 2, MgSO4 0.2, NaCl 0.1, urea 2

0.97

Guo et al. (2018b)

Citrobacter sp.

(g/L) Wet biomass of Microcystis aeruginosa 10 and glucose 10

3.40

Xu et al. (2017)

Aspergillus niger

(g/L) Potato starch wastewater (COD 5.9), glucose 20, urea 0.2

0.82

Pu et al. (2018)

Klebsiella variicola

(g/L) Corn ethanol wastewater, K2HPO4 5, KH2PO4 2, MgSO4 0.2, NaCl 0.1

3.08

Xia et al. (2018)

Rhodococcus sp.

Alkaline-thermal treated sludge 100 g/L

4.20

Guo et al. (2013)

Bacillus subtilis

(g/L) Palm jaggery 20, yeast extract 2.5, NH4NO2 1.0, MgCl2 0.2, K2HPO4 5, NaCl 0.1

13.42

Sathiyanarayanan et al. (2013)

Rhizopus sp.

(g/L) Potato starch wastewater with COD of 1.6, urea 0.3, KH2PO4 0.04

0.69

Pu et al. (2014)

Aspergillus niger

(g/L) Palm oil mill effluent of TOC 10; glutamic acid 7.92; MgSO4 0.5; KCl 0.5; FeSO4 0.01; K2HPO4 1.0

2.73

Aljuboori et al. (2014)

Rhodococcus erythropolis

Excess sludge from municipal wastewater treatment and livestock wastewater

1.60

Peng et al. (2014)

Schizophyllum commune

(g/L) Hydrolysates of rice hulls supplemented with yeast extract 3, KH2PO4 0.5, MgSO4.7H2O 0.25

1.30

Shu and Hsu (2011)

Ochrobactium ciceri

(g/L) Corn stover hydrolysates, K2HPO4 5, KH2PO4 2, MgSO4 0.2, NaCl 0.1, urea 0.5, yeast extract 0.5

3.80

Ma et al. (2020)

Enterococcus faecalis, Proteus mirabilis, Lysini bacillus sp.

Hydrolyzed wheat bran extract, hydrolyzed peanut hull extract and 0.1% MgSO4

5.01

Vimala et al. (2020)

  1. COD chemical oxygen demand, TOC total organic carbon