Fig. 4

Increasing shikimate production by biofilm self-assembly. A Fluorescence repression with BLRS under different conditions. B, C Fluorescence repression detection through Flow cytometer analysis under the different conditions. D Bioimage for “JNU” and “SynBio” was achieved through utilizing BLRS system. E The BLRS system scaled up to 5 L fermenter under the blue light and dark conditions. F The Fluorescence repression of BLRS system in the 5 L fermenter under the blue light and dark conditions. G Comparing the enzyme concentration with different strains. H Comparing the shikimate titer with different strains. I Shikimate production with 3.6 L fermenter by light stimulation during fed-batch fermentation with E. coli S6. J Shikimate production in the 3.6 L fermenter with two stage fermentation. K The formation of biofilm-based SpyTag/SpyCatcher system of E. coli S1 and S6 under the light or dark conditions. For A, G, H, I, n = 3. For F, n = 2. Error bars, mean ± s.d. Scale bar for (K) is 1 μm,