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Table 1 The comparison of the protein expression systems of B. subtilis with different promoters

From: A facile and robust T7-promoter-based high-expression of heterologous proteins in Bacillus subtilis

Promoter

Inducer

Characteristics

References

PxylA

Xylose

Strictly controlled by XylR repressor, and the protein expression was inhibited by glucose

(Bhavsar et al. 2001; Kim et al. 1996)

PmalA

Maltose

Positively regulated by the transcriptional regulator MalR, and was repressed by glucose via CcpA and catabolite responsive elements

(Yang et al. 2006; Yue et al. 2017)

PspaS

Subtilin

The level of expression depended directly on the amount of inducer (subtilin) used, not subject to catabolite control

(Bongers et al. 2005)

Pgcv

Glycine

The glycine tandem riboswitch was used to obtain regulatable expression of recombinant proteins

(Phan and Schumann 2007)

Pspac

IPTG

Fused the 5ʹ-sequence of a promoter from the B. subtilis phage SPO1 and the 3ʹ-sequences of the E. coli lac promoter including its operator region

(Yansura and Henner 1984)

Pgrac

IPTG

Fused groES promoter and lacO operon and optimization of nucleotides at the conserved regions of the groESL promoter

(Phan et al. 2012, 2006; Tran et al. 2020)