Table 4 Most common used selectable markers for Chlamydomonas chloroplast transformation
Marker | Functional description | Type | References |
|---|---|---|---|
Resistance markers | |||
 aadA | Spectinomycin or streptomycin resistance | Antibiotic | Goldschmidt-Clermont 1991 |
 AphA-6 | Kanamycin resistance | Antibiotic | Bateman and Purton 2000 |
 rrnS/rrnL mutant | Spectinomycin or streptomycin/erythromycin | Antibiotic | Newman et al. 1990 |
Biosafety markers | |||
 atpB/rbcL/tscA/psbA/psbH | Restore phototrophic growth | Phototrophy | Boynton et al. 1988; Goldschmidt-Clermont 1991; Michelet et al. 2011; Bertalan et al. 2015; Wannathong et al. 2016 |
 ARG9 | Restore arginine synthesis | Complement auxotrophies | Remacle et al. 2009 |
 ptxD | Oxidation of phosphite to phosphate | Function-added | Sandoval-Vargas et al. 2018 |
 codA | converts 5-fluorocytosine to toxic 5-fluorouracil | Negative selection | Jackson et al. 2022 |