An overview of torrefied bioresource briquettes: quality-influencing parameters, enhancement through torrefaction and applications

Bioresources and Bioprocessing

Table 1 Biomass thermochemical conversion techniques, operating temperature range, and yields

Method	Temperature range (°C)	Environment	Expected products
Torrefaction	200–300	Inert	Biochar
Liquefaction	200–600	Inert	Biochar, bio-oil, syngas
Pyrolysis	400–800	Inert	Biochar, bio-oil, syngas
Carbonization	400–1000	Inert	Biochar
Gasification	600–1300	Steam/air/oxygen	Syngas and biochar
Combustion	900–1500	Air/oxygen	Heat energy, CO₂