Table 2 Major compounds of pyrolysis oil and their compositions
Type | Compound name | Minimum (wt%) | Maximum (wt%) | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Sugars | Levoglucosan | 0.1 | 59.8 | (Milne et al. 1997; Demirbas 2009; Bertero et al. 2012; Staš et al. 2014; Zheng et al. 2017) |
Cellobiosan | 0.4 | 3.3 | ||
Fructose | 0.7 | 2.9 | ||
Carboxylic acids | Acetic acid | 0.5 | 17.0 | |
Formic acid | 0.3 | 9.1 | ||
Propionic acid | 0.1 | 2.0 | ||
Aldehydes | Glycolaldehyde | 0.9 | 17.5 | |
Acetaldehyde | 0.1 | 8.5 | ||
Formaldehyde | 0.1 | 3.3 | ||
Alcohols | Methanol | 0.4 | 8.2 | |
Ethanol | 0.5 | 3.5 | ||
Ketones | Acetol | 0.2 | 7.4 | |
Aryl-aldehydes (Furans) | Furfural | 1.5 | 3.0 | |
Phenolic compounds | Phenol | 0.1 | 3.8 | |
Guaiacol | 2.8 | 2.8 |