Table 1 Syngas fermentation parameters and ethanol yields
From: Development and evaluation of a functional bioreactor for CO fermentation into ethanol
Experimental conditions | Concentration | Reference | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Reactor | Microbe | Cell density | Syngas | Temp. °C | pH | ||
CSTR (3 L) | C. ljungdahlii, ATCC#55380 | – | 100 % CO | 37 | 4.0–5.0 | Ethanol: 0.17–1.17 g/L; acetic acid: 8.50–23.68 g/L | This study |
Two stage: 1 L CSTR and 4 L bubble column | C. Ljungdahlii, ATCC#55383 | 10 g/L | 60 % CO, 35 % H2, and 5 % CO2 | 37 | 5.5 (stage 1) 4.4–4.8 (stage 2) | Ethanol: 20.7 g/L | Richter et al. (2013) |
CSTR (2 L) | C. ljungdahlii, ATCC#55383 | 2.34 g/L | 55 % CO, 20 % H2, 10 % CO2 and 15 % argon | 37 | 4.0 | Ethanol: 6.50 g/L Acetate: 5.43 g/L | Mohammadi et al. (2012) |
CSTR | C. ljungdahlii, ATCC#55383 | 55 % CO, 5 % CO2, 20 % H2, and 15 % Ar | Ethanol: 0.55 g/L, Acetate: 1.3 g/L | Younesi et al. (2005) | |||
CSTR (20 L) | C. ljungdahlii, ATCC#55383 | 2.0 | 55 % CO, 20 % H2, 10 % CO2, and 15 % Ar | 37 | 4.5 | Ethanol and Acetate: 11.0 g/L | Younesi et al. (2006) |
HFM-BR (8 L working volume) | C. carboxidivorans P7 | – | 50 % CO, 30 % H2,20 % CO2 | 37 | 4.5–5.5 | Ethanol: 23.93 g/L | Shen et al. (2014) |
HBM-BR (3.3 L working volume) | A. bacchi strain CP15 (56 %) and Clostridium propionicum (34 %) | 20–39 % CO, 24–25 % CO2, 10–43 % H2, 10–12 % N2 | 37 | – | Ethanol: 8 g/L | Liu et al. (2014) | |
HFM-R (125 mL) | C. ljungdahlii, ATCC#55383 | – | 50 % CO, 30 % H2, and 20 % CO2 | 35 | – | Ethanol: 6 g/L; Acetate: 2.3 g/L | Lee (2010) |
Gas lift reactor | Eubacterium limosum | 0.75 g/L | 100 % CO | 37 | 6.8 | Butyrate, acetate, Ethanol: 1.75 g/L | Chang et al. (1998) |