Table 3 Comparison of results between different catalytic systems
Catalyst | Oil | Alcohol | Conditions | Selectivity to esters (%) | Yield of esters (%) | Conversion (%) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Alcohol:oil ratio | %wt catalyst | Temperature (°C) | |||||||
This work | 1.5 Zn/Mg-γAl2O3 | Castor oil | Butanol | 6:1 | 5 | 80 | > 99 | > 99 | > 99 |
Mahdavi and Monajemi (2014) | CaO-MgO/Al2O3 | Cottonseed oil | Ethanol | 8.5:1 | 14.4 | 95 | – | – | 97.6 |
Chuayplod and Trakarnpruk (2009) | Mg(Al)La hydrotalcites | Rice bran oil | Methanol | 30:1 | 7.5 | 75 | 97 | 78 | – |
Rahman et al. (2019) | Zn–CaO | Eucalyptus oil | Methanol | 6:1 | 5 | 65 | – | 93.2 | – |
Rubio-Caballero et al. (2009) | CaZn2(OH)6·2H2O | Sunflower oil | Methanol | 12:1 | 4 | 60 | – | > 90 | – |