Fig. 14

a Structure of TS complexed with 2-fluorogeranylgeranyl diphosphate and Mg²⁺ (PDB ID: 3P5R). b Structure of BPPS complexed with inorganic pyrophosphate and Mg²⁺ (PDB ID: 1N1Z). c Structure of EAS complexed with substrate analog farnesyl hydroxyphosphonate and Mg²⁺ (PDB ID: 5EAT). d Metal-binding motifs of taxadiene synthase. e Effector triad of taxadiene synthase which sites in the helix that is shown in magenta. f Key aromatic and polar residues of taxadiene synthase. Mg²⁺ is in green; α, β, & γ domains are in white, light blue and wheat, respectively; The red shows N-terminal segment which ‘caps’ the active site