Table 1 Briquetting machine with their features, merits, and demerits
From: Densification of agro-residues for sustainable energy generation: an overview
Machine type | Image | Features | Merits | Demerits | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Piston press |
| Feedstock is compressed into a die by a to and fro moving ram Extrusion is done by the reciprocating piston Produced briquettes are usually with a concentric hole High-pressure type | Efficient and uniform combustion due to larger surface area Robust with a reputation of long working life They are simply maintained Less wear and tear Power consumption is minimal | Require frequent maintenance Cannot be used to manufacture carbonized briquettes Produced briquettes are not homogeneous | Sharma et al. (2015), Young and Khennas (2003), Ghaffar et al. (2015) |
Screw press |
| Continuously extrude feedstock via an externally heated taper dye Extrusion is done using a specially designed screw Produced briquettes are completely solid Regular, homogeneous, and can withstand greater impact force without crumble High-pressure type | Generate less noise Used for both carbonized and non-carbonized briquettes Produced briquettes of high quality Briquettes are homogeneous and suitable for gasifier | High tear and wear High power consumption Required specific feedstock properties | Tuates et al. (2016a), Grover and Mishra (1996a), Young and Khennas (2003), Ghaffar et al. (2015) With permission |
Hydraulic piston press |
| Driven by an electric motor via a hydraulic system low-pressure type | Light and compacted It can briquettes feedstock with higher moisture content | Slower with lower outputs Usually have a smaller bulk density | Grover and Mishra (1996a), Young and Khennas (2003), Shuma and Madyira (2019) |
