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Bioresources and Bioprocessing
Fig. 1 | Bioresources and Bioprocessing

Fig. 1

From: Nutrients, surfactants, and aeration in constructed wetlands affect bacterial persistence and metabolic activity during the remediation of crude oil-contaminated water

Fig. 1

The effect of intensification (augmentation of bacteria, nutrients, surfactant and aeration) on the growth of wetland plants (T. latifolia and C. laevigatus). The root length (RL), shoot length (SL) and dry weight (DW) at day 1 (Figs. A and B), and at day 60 (Figs. C and D). (T1 and T4): The constructed wetlands (CWs) planted with T. latifolia and C. laevigatus respectively without bacterial augmentation. (T2 and T5): The CWs planted with T. latifolia and C. laevigatus respectively augmented with selected bacteria possessing alkB genes. (T3 and T6): The CWs planted with T. latifolia and C. laevigatus respectively augmented with selected bacteria possessing alkB genes and provided with nutrients, surfactant and aeration. The error bar indicates standard error among three replicates. The values with same letter are not different at 5% significance level. The analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used for evaluations amongst different treatments

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