Review and perspectives of enhanced volatile fatty acids production from acidogenic fermentation of lignocellulosic biomass wastes

Bioresources and Bioprocessing

Table 1 Compositions of some surveyed lignocellulosic biomass wastes

Substrates	Cellulose^a	Hemicellulose^a	Lignin^a	C/N ratio	References
Wheat straw	39	31	9	44	Liu et al. (2019c)
Corn straw	36	28	5	54	Wang et al. (2018)
Rice straw	38	29	15	43	Kainthola et al. (2019)
Yard waste	18	23	10	60	Zhang et al. (2018)
Grass clipping	42	35	7	–	Wang et al. (2019a)
Wheat husk	19	18	10	50	Sun et al. (2019)
Leaves	30	27	13	37	Yao et al. (2017)
Napier grass	45.7	33.7	20.6	26	Reddy et al. (2012)
Giant reed	51.7	26.6	8.0	54.7	Corneli et al. (2016)
Sunflower stalk	34.0	20.8	29.2	–	Monlau et al. (2012)
Hardwood birch	41.0	30.0	24.6	–	Martínez-Abad et al. (2018)
Softwood spruce	43.0	24.2	28.8	–	Mohsenzadeh et al. (2012)