Table 4 Dark fermentative biohydrogen production from POME using mixed culture
Inoculum | Inoculum pre-treatment | Reactor type | Operating conditions | % H2 | H2 yield | H2 production rate | Dominant microbes | Technique for microbial community analysis | References | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Temperature, T | pH | |||||||||
POME anaerobic sludge | HT, 80 °C, 50 min | UASFF | 37 °C | Initial = 5.2–5.8, Operation = 5.2–5.8 | 71.37 | 800 mL H2/g CODconsumed | 4.1 L H2/L day | Clostridium sensu stricto 1 and Lactobacillus | Amplicon sequencing—Illumina MiSeq | Akhbari et al. (2021) |
Anaerobic sludge from methane-producing anaerobic digester | HT, 90 °C, 60 min | CSTR | 30 °C | Initial = 5.5, Operation = 5.5 | 30—34 | 249 mL H2/ g COD | 22.22 mL H2/L h | Clostridia | Amplicon sequencing -Illumina MiSeq | Audu et al. (2021) |
Thermophilic biohydrogen-producing sludge | HT, 80 °C, 60 min | Batch | 55 °C | Initial = 6.0, Operation = uncontrolled | 38.77 | 794.85 mL H2/L POME or 1.88 mol H2/molsugar | ND | ND | ND | Abdullah et al. (2020) |
Sugarcane cultivation soil | ND | Hungate tube | 30 °C | Initial = 7, Operation = uncontrolled | ND | 1617 mL H2/L medium | ND | Sporolactobacillus and Clostridium | Amplicon sequencing -Illumina MiSeq | Rosa et al. (2020) |
Vinasse pond | ND | Hungate tube | 37 °C | Initial = 7, Operation = uncontrolled | ND | 1550 mL H2/L medium | ND | Clostridium and Ruminococcus | Amplicon sequencing -Illumina MiSeq | Rosa et al. (2020) |
POME sludge | HT, 80 °C, 60 min | FBR | 60 °C | Initial = 6.0, Operation = 6.0 | ND | 1.24 mol H2/mol sugarconsumed | 5.2 mmol H2/L h | Thermoanaerobacterium thermosaccharolyticum sp. | PCR-DGGE | Jamali et al. (2019) |
POME anaerobic sludge | ND | Serum bottles | 55 °C | Initial = 6.5, Operation = uncontrolled | ND | 71 mL H2/g COD | 7.6 mL H2/g COD day | Themoanaerobacterium sp., T. thermosaccharolyticum, T. aciditolerans. T. brockii, Clostridium increased overtime | PCR-DGGE | Khongkliang et al. (2019) |
POME sludge | HT | ASBR | 55 °C and 37 °C | Initial = 6.0, Operation = uncontrolled | ND | 2.52 mol H2/mol sugar | 10.34 mmol H2/L h | Thermoanaerobacterium sp. | PCR-DGGE | Maaroff et al. (2019) |
POME digested sludge | HT, 80 °C, 60 min | UASB | 55 °C | Initial = 5.2, Operation = 5.2 | 52 | 2.45 mol H2/mol sugarconsumed | 11.75 L H2/ L POME day | Clostridium celerecrescens, Clostridium sp. and Proteobacteria | PCR-DGGE | Mahmod et al. (2019) |
Juice processing wastewater anaerobic sludge | HT, 105 °C, 30 min | Batch | 55 °C | Initial = 6.0, Operation = uncontrolled | 23.7 | 77 mL H2/g CODremoved | ND | ND | ND | Tanikkul et al. (2019a) |
Juice processing wastewater anaerobic sludge | HT, 105 °C, 30 min | Batch | 37 °C | Initial = 6.0, Operation = uncontrolled | 31 | 182 mL H2/g COD or 7.96 mmol/g COD | 23.37 mL H2/ h | ND | ND | Tanikkul et al. (2019b) |
POME anaerobic sludge | HT, 90 °C, 60 min | UASFF | 37 °C | Initial = 5.0–5.2, Operation = uncontrolled | 57.11 | 1021.74 mL H2/g CODconsumed | 5.29 L H2/ L day | ND | ND | Zainal et al. (2019) |
POME anaerobic sludge | HT, 100 °C, 60 min | Serum bottles | 50 °C | Initial = 5.5, Operation = uncontrolled | ND | 28.47 mL H2/g CODconsumed | ND | ND | ND | Zainal et al. (2018) |
Sewage anaerobic sludge | HT, 100 °C, 60 min | Batch | 35 °C | Initial = 6.5, Operation = uncontrolled | 56.65 | 2.58 mmol H2/g COD or 135.79 mL H2/L POME | 11.32 mL H2/L POME h | ND | ND | Garritano et al. (2017) |
POME sludge | HT, 80 °C, 60 min | ASBR | 60 °C | Initial = 6.0, Operation = 6.0 | ND | 1.6 mol H2/mol sugar | 61.5 mmol H2/L day | Thermoanaerobacterium thermosaccharolyticum | 16S rRNA Identification | Jamali et al. (2017) |
POME digested sludge | HT, 80 °C, 60 min | Serum bottles | 60 °C | Initial = 5.8, Operation = uncontrolled | ND | 1.24 mol H2/mol glucose | 0.181 mmol H2/L h | ND | ND | Mahmod et al. (2017) |
POME digested sludge | HT, 100 °C, 60 min | UASFF | 38 °C | Initial = 5.5, Operation = uncontrolled | 56.6 | ND | 0.514 L H2/g VSS | ND | ND | Mohammadi et al. (2014) |
Immobilised POME sludge | HT, 80 °C, 50 min | UASB | 37 °C | Initial = 5.5, Operation = 5.5 | 37.1 | ND | 0.589 L H2/ L POME h | ND | ND | Singh et al. (2013a) |
POME anaerobic sludge | HT, 85 °C, 60 min | ASBR | 37 °C | ND | 50 | 940 mL H2/g CODconsumed | 6.7 L H2/ L day | Streptococcus macedonicus, Lactobacillus agilis and Clostridium butyricum CGS6 | Conventional cultivation – 16S rDNA Identification | Badiei et al. (2012) |
Anaerobic sludge | HT, 105 °C, 90 min | Serum bottles | 44 °C | Initial = 7.0, Operation = uncontrolled | ND | 0.68 mmol H2/g COD | ND | Clostridium spp. and Thermoanaerobacterium spp. | qPCR | Leaño et al. (2012) |
Thermoanaerobacterium-rich sludge | ND | CSTR | 60 °C | Initial = 5.5, Operation = uncontrolled | ND | 4.2 L H2/L POME | ND | T. thermosaccharolyticum, T. aciditolerans | PCR-DGGE | Mamimin et al. (2012) |
POME digested sludge | HT, 85 °C, 20 min | Batch | 36 °C | Initial = 5.8, Operation = 5.8 | ND | 1.32 L H2/L POME | 0.144 L H2/ L h | ND | ND | Rasdi et al. (2012) |
POME anaerobic sludge | HT, 90–95 °C, 30 min | Serum bottles | 37 °C | Initial = 6.0, Operation = uncontrolled | ND | 27.09 mL H2/g COD | 41.91 mL H2/L h | Clostridium paraputrificum, Weissella soli, C. butyricum, C. hydrogeniformans, C. beijerinckii and Clostridium spp. | PCR-DGGE | Yossan et al. (2012) |
POME anaerobic sludge | HT, 90–95 °C, 30 min | Serum bottles | 55 °C | Initial = 6.0, Operation = uncontrolled | ND | 26.63 mL H2/g COD | 49.34 mL H2/L h | C. paraputrificum, C. butyricum, Thermoanaerobacterium thermosaccharolyticum, C. baratii and Clostridium spp. | PCR-DGGE | Yossan et al. (2012) |